Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation impacts expression of aquaporins and salt overly sensitive genes and enhances tolerance of salt stress in tomato

Abstract Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) that establish reciprocal symbiosis with plant roots can enhance resistance to various stresses, including salt stress, but relevant mechanisms, especially at the molecular level, are scarce. The objective of this study was analyze effect an arbuscular fungus Paraglomus occultum on growth, leaf gas exchange, and expression plasma membrane intrinsic proteins ( PIPs ), tonoplast TIPs ) overly sensitive SOS genes in tomato under (150 mmol/L NaCl) non-salt stress. Salt stress for 4 weeks inhibited root colonization rate P . soil hyphal length by 0.21- 0.57-fold, respectively. also growth performance while inoculation significantly enhanced them conditions. AMF showed diverse regulation SlPIPs SlTIPs expression, among which SlPIP1;2 , SlPIP1;5 SlPIP2;1 SlPIP2;6 SlPIP2;9 SlPIP2;10 SlTIP2;2 SlTIP3;2 SlTIP5;1 were up-regulated colonization, SlPIP1;7 SlPIP2;5 SlPIP2;8 SlPIP2;11 SlPIP2;12 SlTIP2;3 SlTIP3;1 down-regulated, accompanied no change SlPIP1;1 SlPIP1;3 SlPIP2;4 SlTIP1;1 SlTIP1;2 SlTIP1;3 SlTIP2;1 SlTIP2;5 Interestingly, SlSOS1 SlSOS2 non-mycorrhizal plants, it increased plants. down-regulated It concluded impacted stress-responsive genes, SOS1 SOS2 tomato. Graphical